2408. Garrett Wesley Colley Wellesley 2nd Baron of Mornington
Garret Wesley succeeded his father as 2nd Baron Mornington in 1758 In 1760, in recognition of his musical and philanthropic achievements, he was created Viscount Wellesley, of Dangan Castle in the County of Meath, and Earl of Mornington. He married Anne Hill, eldest daughter of the banker Arthur Hill, Lord Dungannon in 1759
His children were:
Richard Wellesley, 1st Marquess Wellesley, 2nd Earl of Mornington (20 June 1760 –26 September 1842William Wellesley-Pole, 3rd Earl of Mornington, 1st Baron Maryborough Pole%2C_3rd_Earl_of_Mornington> (20 May 1763–22 February1845
Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington _1st_Duke_of_Wellington> (c. 1 May 1769 –14 September 1852
The Revd and Hon. Gerald Valerian Wellesley (7 December 1770 –24 October
Henry Wellesley, 1st Baron Cowley _1st_Baron_Cowley> (20 January 1773–27 April 1847
Lady Anne Wellesley (1775 –16 December 1844)
As well as Wellesley ancestors, "Wesley" was inherited from the childless wealthy husband of an aunt when, in 1728, Wellington's patrilineal </topic/patrilineal> grandfather Garret COLLEY, a landlord who lived at Rahin near Carbury </topic/carbury>, County Kildare </topic/county-kildare>, changed his surname to Wesley.[2] The COLLEYShad lived in that part of Kildare since the Norman Invasion of Ireland </topic/norman-invasion-of-ireland> in 1169-72. In 1917 the Kildare historian Lord Walter FitzGerald, writing about the ruins of Carbury Castle, mentioned the: "... Elizabethan Castle which since 1588 has been in the possession of the family of Cowley or Colley, from whom the Dukes of Wellington are descended in the direct male line
Anne Hill, eldest daughter of the banker Arthur Hill, Lord Dungannon Viscount_Dungannon>
Anne was a descendent of Hugh O'Neill and Richard 3rd.
2801. Richard Wesley Wellesley Mornington
Richard Colley Wesley, later Wellesley, 1st Marquess Wellesley KGOrder_of_the_Garter, PC </wiki/Her_Majesty%27s_Most_Honourable_Privy_Council>, PC (Ire) </wiki/Privy_Council_of_Ireland> (20 June 1760 – 26 September 1842), styled Viscount Wellesley from birth until 1781, was an Anglo-Irish </wiki/Kingdom_of_Ireland> politician </wiki/Politician> and colonial administrator </wiki/Colonial_administrator>. He was the eldest son of Garret Wesley, 1st Earl of Mornington </wiki/Garret_Wesley,_1st_Earl_of_Mornington>, an Irish peer </wiki/Peerage_of_Ireland>, and brother of Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington </wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington>. He first made his name as Governor-General of India </wiki/Governor-General_of_India> between 1798 and 1805 and later served as Foreign Secretary </wiki/Foreign_Secretary> in the British cabinet and as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland </wiki/Lord_Lieutenant_of_Ireland>.
Wellesley was born in 1760 in Ireland </wiki/Kingdom_of_Ireland>, where his family were part of the aristocracy. He was educated at Harrow School </wiki/Harrow_School> and Eton College </wiki/Eton_College>, where he distinguished himself as a classical scholar, and at Christ Church, Oxford </wiki/Christ_Church,_Oxford>. In 1780, he entered the Irish House of Commons </wiki/Irish_House_of_Commons> for Trim </wiki/Trim_(Parliament_of_Ireland_constituency)> until the following year, when by his father's death he became 2nd Earl of Mornington, taking his seat in the Irish House of Lords </wiki/Irish_House_of_Lords>. He was elected Grandmaster of the Grand Lodge of Ireland </wiki/Grand_Lodge_of_Ireland> in 1782, a post he held for the following year.[1]In 1784 he joined also the British House of Commons </wiki/British_House_of_Commons> as member for Bere Alston </wiki/Bere_Alston_(UK_Parliament_constituency)>. Soon afterwards he was appointed a Lord of the Treasury </wiki/Lord_of_the_Treasury> by William Pitt the Younger </wiki/William_Pitt_the_Younger>. In 1793 he became a member of the Board of Control over Indian </wiki/India> affairs; and, although he was best known for his speeches in defence of Pitt's foreign policy, he was gaining the acquaintance with Oriental affairs which made his rule over India so effective from the moment when, in 1797, he accepted the office of Governor-General of India </wiki/Governor-General_of_India>.
Following his wife's death in 1816, he married, on 29 October 1825, the widowed Marianne (Caton) Patterson, whose mother Mary was the daughter of Charles Carroll of Carrollton , the last surviving signatory of the United States Declaration of Independence United_States_Declaration_of_Independence>; her former sister-in-law was Elizabeth Patterson Bonaparte . They had no children.
Wellesley lived together with Hyacinthe-Gabrielle Roland Hyacinthe-Gabrielle_Roland, an actress at the Palais Royal </wiki/Palais_Royal> for many years. Her mother's husband was Pierre Roland, but she was said to be the daughter of an Irishman named Christopher Alexander Fagan. She had three sons and two daughters by Wellesley before he married her on 29 November 1794. He moved her to London, where Hyacinthe was generally miserable, as she never learned English and she was scorned by high society. Their daughter, Lady William Cavendish-Bentinck </wiki/Lady_William_Cavendish-Bentinck>, married sequentially Sir William Abdy, 7th Baronet </wiki/Sir_William_Abdy,_7th_Baronet> and Lieutenant Colonel Lord Charles Bentinck </wiki/Lord_Charles_Bentinck>, while another daughter, Hyacinthe Mary Wellesley, married Baron Hatherton </wiki/Baron_Hatherton>.
2802. Arthur Wesley Colley Wellesley Duke of Wellington
Duke of Wellington, was born at Mornington House, 24 Upper Merrion-street, Dublin, 24th April, 1769; died at Walmer Castle, 14th September, 1852; and was buried in St. Paul's Cathedral, London.
The earliest mention of the Wellesley family is in 1180. It places Wellington’s ancestry among the conquering elite of the Norman invasion in 1066: the family had been granted lands to the south of Wells </topic/wells-1> around a settlement still known as Wellesley Farm. As well as Wellesley ancestors, "Wesley" was inherited from the childless wealthy husband of an aunt when, in 1728, Wellington's patrilineal </topic/patrilineal> grandfather Garret COLLEY, a landlord who lived at Rahin near Carbury </topic/carbury>, County Kildare </topic/county-kildare>, changed his surname to Wesley.[2] The COLLEYShad lived in that part of Kildare since the Norman Invasion of Ireland </topic/norman-invasion-of-ireland> in 1169–72. In 1917 the Kildare historian Lord Walter FitzGerald, writing about the ruins of Carbury Castle, mentioned the: "... Elizabethan Castle which since 1588 has been in the possession of the family of Cowley or Colley, from whom the Dukes of Wellington are descended in the direct male line
(born May 1, 1769, Dublin, Ire. — died Sept. 14, 1852, Walmer Castle, Kent, Eng.) British general. Son of the Irish earl of Mornington, he entered the army in 1787 and served in the Irish Parliament (1790 – 97). Sent to India in 1796, he commanded troops to victories in the Maratha War (1803). Back in England, he served in the British House of Commons and as chief secretary in Ireland (1807 – 09). Commanding British troops in the Peninsular War </topic/peninsular-war>, he won battles against the French in Portugal and Spain and invaded France to win the war in 1814, for which he was promoted to field marshal and created a duke. After Napoleon </topic/napoleon-bonaparte> renewed the war against the European powers, the "Iron Duke" commanded the Allied armies to victory at the Battle of Waterloo </topic/battle-of-waterloo> (1815). Richly rewarded by English and foreign sovereigns, he became one of the most honoured men in Europe. After commanding the army of occupation in France (1815 – 18) and serving in the Tory cabinet as master general of ordnance (1818 – 27), he served as prime minister (1828 – 30), but he was forced to resign after opposing any parliamentary reform. He was honoured on his death by a monumental funeral and burial in St. Paul's Cathedral alongside Horatio Nelson </topic/horatio-nelson>Wellington, Arthur Wellesley, Duke of (1769-1851). Born Arthur Wesley (the family later changed the spelling), second son of the Earl of Mornington, Wellington was commissioned at the age of 17. Influence gained him appointment as ADC to the viceroy of Ireland, and he was promoted lieutenant in 1787. He was elected to the family seat of Trim in 1790, and promoted captain the following year. Loans from his elder brother, now Lord Mornington (later Marquess Wellesley </topic/richard-wellesley-1st-marquess-wellesley>), purchased a majority and lieutenant colonelcy in the 33rd Regiment in 1793. He resigned his seat and took the 33rd to Flanders in 1794. He complained that ‘no one knew anything of the management of an army’ and admitted that the episode taught him much. ‘The real reason why I succeeded in my campaigns’, he wrote, ‘is because I was always on the spot—I saw everything; and did everything for myself.’
Education
After studying at a religious seminary in Ireland, he then went to Eton where he studied from 1781 to 1784. However a lack of success there, combined with a shortage of family funds from his fathers death, led to a move to in Belgium with his mother in 1785. Until his early twenties Arthur continued to show little signs of distinction and his mother grew increasingly concerned at his idleness, stating "I don't know what I shall do with my awkward son Arthur".
A year later Arthur was enrolled in the French Royal Academy of Equitation in Angers, where he progressed significantly, becoming a good horseman and learning French (which was to prove very useful in later years). Upon returning to England in late 1786 his mother was astonished at his improvement..
He was knighted, returned home in 1805, took a brigade on a brief expedition to the Elbe, and then married Kitty Pakenham, who had rejected him over ten years before. On their wedding day he muttered, ‘She has grown ugly, by Jove’, privately admitted that it was a mistake, and was to have a series of characteristically discreet affairs. He sat unhappily on the backbenches until appointed Chief Secretary for Ireland in April 1807. Shortly afterwards he commanded a division in an expedition to Denmark, returning to Dublin after the capture of Copenhagen </topic/battle-of-copenhagen>.
Despite his new promise he had yet to find a job and his family was still short of money, so upon the advice of his mother, his brother Richard asked his friend the Duke of Rutland (then Lord Lieutenant of Ireland) to consider Arthur for a commission in the army. Soon after, on the 7th March 1787 he was gazetted ensign in the 73rd Regiment of Foot. In October, with the assistance of his brother, he was assigned as aide-de-camp, on ten shillings a day (twice his pay as an ensign), to the new Lord Lieutenant of Ireland Lord Buckingham. He was also transferred to the new 76th Regiment forming in Ireland and on Christmas day, 1787, was promoted to Lieutenant. During his time in Dublin his duties were mainly social; attending balls, entertaining guests and providing advice to Buckingham. While in Ireland, he over extended himself in borrowing due to his occasional gambling, but in his defence stated that "I have often known what it was to be in want of money, but I have never got helplessly into debt".
Two years later, in June 1789 he transferred to the 12th Light Dragoons, still as a lieutenant and according to his biographer, Richard Holmes he also dipped a reluctant toe intopolitics. Shortly before the general election of 1789, he was went to the rotten borough of Trim to speak against the granting of the title Freeman to the parliamentary leader of the Irish nationalist movement, Henry Grattan. Succeeding, he was later nominated and duly elected as a member of Parliament for Trim in the Irish House of Commons. Because of the limited suffrage <../../wp/s/Suffrage.htm> at the time, he sat in a parliament, where at least two-third of the members owed their election to the landowners of less than a hundred boroughs. Wellesley continued to serve at Dublin Castle, voting with the government in the Irish parliament over the next two years and in 1791 he became a Captain and was transferred to the 18th Light Dragoons.
It was during this period that he grew increasingly attracted to Kitty Pakenham, the daughter of the Earl of Longford. She was described as being full of 'gaiety and charm'. Seeking permission to marry her in 1793 he was turned down by her brother, the new Earl of Longford who considered Wellesley to be a young man, in debt, with very poor prospects. An inspiring amateur musician, Wellesley devastated by the rejection, burnt his violins <../../wp/v/Violin.htm> in anger, and decided he wished to pursue his military career. Gaining further promotion (largely by purchasing his rank, which was common in the British Army at the time), he became a Major in the 33rd Regiment in 1793. A few months later, in September, his brother lent him more money and with it he purchased a lieutenant colonelcy in the 33rd.